Sources and notesCog & Cuppa →

Widening the Lens

Why the future value of AI in primary care may sit as much in coordination, navigation, and operational intelligence as it does in the consultation room.

11 May 2026 · Read the essay →

The outside claims this piece leans on, and where they come from. Each note says what the source looked at, so you can judge how far it stretches.

  1. Clippy appeared in Microsoft Office in the late 1990s saying "It looks like you're writing a letter" (roughly 30 years ago)

    Microsoft Office 97 (Office Assistant); Horvitz E et al. (1998) The Lumiere Project, UAI-98 (confirms Office 97 Office Assistant) (1997)

    Office Assistant ('Clippit') shipped with Microsoft Office 97; its stock prompt was 'It looks like you're writing a letter. Would you like help?'

  2. Clippy became a punchline, partly because it interrupted constantly

    Microsoft's own 2001 retirement publicity campaign; Office Assistant off by default from Office XP (2001) and removed in Office 2007 (2001; 2007)

    Microsoft switched the Office Assistant off by default in 2001, mocked it in its own publicity, and removed it in Office 2007.

  3. Clippy had no real awareness of context; the technology was not capable enough to be useful

    Horvitz E, Breese J, Heckerman D, Hovel D, Rommelse K (1998) The Lumiere Project: Bayesian User Modeling for Inferring the Goals and Needs of Software Users, UAI-98

    Microsoft Research project (1990s) on Bayesian models that infer a software user's goals from their actions; prototypes underpinned the Office 97 Assistant.

  4. General-purpose AI tools are already used across primary care, often without formal governance frameworks

    Blease C et al. (2024) Generative artificial intelligence in primary care: an online survey of UK general practitioners, BMJ Health & Care Informatics

    Online survey of 1,006 UK GPs (Doctors.net.uk panel, February 2024) on use of generative AI tools in clinical practice.

  5. When AI drafts notes or suggests codes, clinicians still carry professional responsibility for the output

    NHS England (27 Apr 2025, updated 29 Jul 2026) Guidance on the use of AI-enabled ambient scribing products in health and care settings

    NHS England guidance (2025) requiring users to review and approve AI scribing outputs before further action.